Introduction

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT, Claude, and Gemini have transformed how we interact with machines. But on their own, they are passive—they respond to prompts and stop there.

AI Agents change this paradigm

An AI agent is not just a model that answers questions; it is an autonomous system that can reason, plan, use tools, maintain memory, and take actions to achieve goals with minimal human intervention.

In this blog, we’ll break down:

• What AI agents are

• How they work internally

• Real-world architectures

• Practical use cases

• Key challenges and future direction

What Is an AI Agent?

An AI Agent is a system that:

1. Perceives its environment (inputs, data, APIs)

2. Reasons using an LLM or symbolic logic

3. Plans a sequence of actions

4. Acts using tools, APIs, or code

5. Learns or adapts using memory and feedback